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WebRTC Internals: P2P Media Negotiation

Medium

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WebRTC: browser P2P without plugins

WebRTC enables browser-to-browser audio, video, and data — no plugins, no server in the media path. The key challenge: browsers sit behind NATs and firewalls with no public address. WebRTC's ICE framework handles NAT traversal, SDP negotiates codecs, and DTLS-SRTP encrypts everything.

Signaling is intentionally out-of-scope in WebRTC — developers choose WebSocket, HTTP, or any channel to exchange SDP and ICE candidates.

Packets in motion — click to inspect:

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